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Jobs, Rights and Growth: Reflections on the 113th Session of the ILO-Dr Muttaqa

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Dr .Muttaqa Yusha’u

The 113th Session of the International Labour Conference (ILC) of the International Labour Organization (ILO) took place in 2025. This is one of the largest gatherings under the United Nations system larger even than the UN General Assembly.

What makes the ILO unique is its tripartite structure, bringing together representatives of workers, governments, and employers. It is a genuine example of democracy in action in the governance of work. Since its founding in 1919, the ILO has remained one of the oldest UN agencies, with a clear mandate to promote social justice.

The report of the ILO Director-General to the 113th Session, themed “Jobs, Rights and Growth,” captures the core dilemma confronting the world of work. Economic growth alone, without social justice, cannot address the mounting social and political unrest seen across the globe. Social and economic inequalities have grown significantly.

The working people who generate wealth continue to live in poverty, as the real value of wages declines due to market-driven and often unfriendly economic policies. Precarious jobs lacking fundamental rights at work are on the rise. Bridging the gaps between jobs, rights, and economic growth has become urgent.

A major highlight of the Conference was the adoption of the Resolution concerning the Promotion of Quality Apprenticeships, aimed at addressing youth unemployment and skills mismatch. This resolution recognizes that apprenticeships are a powerful tool for building the future workforce, but it emphasizes that quality and protection must be central to their design and implementation. It calls on member States to adopt a rights-based approach to apprenticeships that is consistent with existing international labour standards.

Additionally, the Conference held a general discussion on Decent Work in the Care Economy, which underlined the disproportionate burden on women in unpaid or underpaid care work and called for concrete action to formalize and recognize care work as central to sustainable development and social justice. The discussion resulted in the adoption of conclusions recommending stronger investment in the care economy, the protection of care workers’ rights, and the expansion of social protection coverage.

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It is clear that isolated actions or blame-shifting among the social partners governments, workers, and employers who are central to addressing this triple dilemma, will not yield results. This is why the optimism expressed in the Director-General’s report, particularly his call for strengthening social dialogue as a key tool for achieving decent work in an increasingly unstable world, is so timely and important.

Unfortunately, in many countries, social dialogue is at a crossroads.

According to the ILO Global Social Dialogue Report 2024, only 35% of countries have strong and inclusive mechanisms for tripartite dialogue. In many African countries, these challenges are even more pronounced. Several factors undermine effective dialogue, including weak institutions, lack of trust among tripartite actors, limited technical capacity of trade unions, and political interference in labour relations.

Moreover, dialogue structures are often ad hoc and not institutionalized, making continuity and implementation difficult.
Shrinking civic space, legislative restrictions on union activity, and delays in tripartite consultations further erode the potential of social dialogue. For instance, in some countries, national labour advisory councils exist only in name, meeting irregularly and lacking real influence over labour market reforms. In others, economic austerity and structural adjustment policies imposed by international financial institutions have weakened collective bargaining and sidelined workers’ voices in national economic decision-making.

The Director-General’s call for embedding democratic values is therefore critical not just in principle, but in practice. Upholding the policies, processes, and institutions that enable inclusive dialogue is essential to restoring the credibility and effectiveness of the ILO’s mission, particularly in regions like Africa where the gap between formal frameworks and practical implementation remains wide.

The 113th Session also marked continued debates around the effective implementation of fundamental principles and rights at work. Follow-up discussions on Convention No. 190 (Violence and Harassment in the World of Work) and the enduring call for the ratification and enforcement of Convention No. 102 (Social Security Minimum Standards) reflect a shared concern that global labour standards must translate into real protections at the national level. Resolutions reiterated the ILO’s supervisory role and urged member States to close the widening gap between commitment and action.
Achieving growth with equity, as the report advocates, requires reinforcing democratic values and broadening civic space. It is concerning that these spaces are shrinking in many parts of the world, particularly in Africa, where restrictions on freedom of association and protest, along with weakening trade union rights, have limited the capacity of social partners to work collaboratively.

The question is: what must be done?
Social partners must ensure that the excellent discussions and declarations made in Geneva are not left behind. More robust national-level debates are needed especially across Africa, where unemployment, informality, and wage stagnation continue to deepen.

The conversation must continue on key issues such as promoting decent work for platform workers, adopting innovative approaches to the transition from the informal to the formal economy, and ensuring the practical realization of conventions and recommendations adopted at the Conference.

Only through shared responsibility and sustained dialogue can the ILO’s vision of decent work for all become a reality.

Opinion

BATTLE OF THE TITANS: CAN MUHAMMAD GARBA CONFRONT IBRAHIM WAIYA – “THE RAVE OF THE MOMENT?

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By Shariff Aminu Ahlan

Modern politics is more than a contest for power. It tests strategy, loyalty, competence, and performance.

That test is playing out in Kano State, as Commissioner for Information and Internal Affairs, Ibrahim Waiya, is now the focus of debate over leadership and results. He is being compared with his predecessor, Muhammad Garba.

In comparison, however, who among them has the vision to take Kano’s communication forward? This is the question that is on the lips of every Kano citizen

For Muhammad Garba, he run the Information Ministry for good eight years, yet a fair comparison with Waiya’s one and a half years would certainly outshine his record. The debate pits him against his predecessor, Muhammad Garba, who ran the ministry for 8 years.

Let’s look at the record, in just over 18 months, Waiya has made the Ministry of Information one of the most vibrant and active in the state, through innovative communication, public engagement, and clear dissemination of government activities.

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But even at that, a push is building intensely, urging the State Governor, Alhaji Abba Kabir Yusuf to replace him. Critics are up at tarnishing his reputation, just for personal gain.

Garba’s supporters cite his experience, unionism, and long tenure, while Waiya’s supporters point to one thing: outstanding performance.
Of course, Waiya may be new in the Communication sector, but leadership is better judged by impact, not years in office. In a short time, Waiya’s work has earned him public attention and the tag “rave of the moment.”

This is why, what is playing out in Kano, is just a contest of “experience vs momentum”. Garba brings 8 years of institutional knowledge, while Waiya brings energy, innovation, and visible results.

The value of this debate isn’t rivalry. It’s policy evaluation. Concerned citizens are of the view that, as a way forward, a public exchange would let both men state their vision, defend their record, and show their plans for the ministry.

Kano people would benefit most. They deserve facts, not sentiment. The public can also judge who has the clearer vision and stronger strategy to help Governor Abba Kabir Yusuf communicate the achievements of his administration and deliver his agenda. The time now, is not for politicking or for the promotion of personal goals, but rather for concrete strategies that will pave the way for Governor Abba’s reelection in 2027.

For Waiya, it’s a chance to prove that leadership is all about vision and results, not just longevity. For Garba, it’s a chance to remind the public of his contributions and explain what he left undone in 8 years.

So the questions are simple: Are both men ready for a battle of ideas? Can Garba’s experience beat Waiya’s momentum? Or will Waiya’s record cement his place as one of this administration’s most effective commissioners?

Now that 2027 is almost around the corner, these questions will certainly shape Kano politics.
The stage is set. The public is watching the unfolding scenario between “acclaimed experience” and momentum. As the State progress, only time will tell.
Let the battle of ideas begin.

Shariff Aminu Ahlan
APC Intellectual Warrior.
Realahlan0101@gmail.com

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Opinion

Let The Records Speak: Comrade Mohammed Garba, Comrade Waiya And The Future of Kano’s Information Ministry

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By Tijjani Sarki
June 21, 2026

Recent calls for the reappointment of Hon. Muhammad Garba as Commissioner for Information and Internal Affairs has sparked debate in Kano State. His supporters point to his eight years of service and describe him as an experienced professional whose return would benefit the government.

While I respect that view, I believe an important question deserves an answer, after serving for eight years in the same office, what exactly remains unfinished that necessitates a return?

This is not an attempt to diminish Hon. Garba’s contributions. Rather, it is a call for an objective assessment of performance. Public office should be judged by results, not sentiment.
Recent public discussions have repeatedly portrayed Hon. Muhammad Garba as a “professional,” as though that designation alone settles the debate. I respectfully disagree. Professionalism is not defined by the length of time spent in office, nor does it automatically flow from occupying a position for many years. It is reflected in innovation, measurable achievements, institutional growth, responsiveness to public concerns, and the capacity to deliver results. If professionalism is truly the benchmark, then the public deserves a fair comparison of records and accomplishments rather than a reliance on reputation or years of service. The debate, therefore, should be anchored on evidence, not labels.

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Instead of focusing on political developments, I suggest that Kano people compare records. Hon. Muhammad Garba had eight years to lead the ministry. Comrade Ibrahim Abdullahi Waiya has had barely one and a half years. Yet within that short period, many observers have noted renewed activity within the ministry, especially in the often-overlooked Internal Affairs Department that was hitherto inactive and relegated to the background thereby rendering it dead by previous administrations until Waiya came in and salvaged the department from strangulation.

I have seen greater public engagement and a more visible ministry under the current leadership. Whether one agrees with every action taken by Waiya or not, the ministry appears more active and connected to the public.

For this reason, I would welcome an open public debate between the two Comrades. Let them present their achievements, challenges, and vision. The Ministry of Information is not only critical and central to governance rather it is at the same time the voice of government and should be led by the person best positioned to serve the public interest with commitment, dignity, competence and capacity.

Let the records speak. Let the people judge.

Tijjani Sarki writes from Kano and can be reached via responsivecitizensinitiative@gmail.com.

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Opinion

The Unsung Guardians of Nigeria’s Prosperity-Edekhe Glorious Maria

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By Edekhe Glorious Maria

In the grand narrative of Nigeria’s quest for economic self-reliance and sustainable development, popular discourse frequently centers on fiscal policies, central banking reforms, and foreign direct investments. Yet, the finest policy frameworks remain mere ink on paper without a robust mechanism to police the entryways of commerce. Standing resolutely at this critical intersection of trade, finance, and defense is the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS). Far from being a mere tax collection agency, the modern NCS functions as the quintessential bulwark of our economic sovereignty and a premier shield guarding national security.
To fully appreciate Nigeria’s survival and resilience within a highly volatile global market, one must look closely at the unsung guardians keeping watch over our borders, seaports, and airports.
The Economic Bedrock: Fueling the Machinery of State
In an era where volatile oil revenues demand aggressive fiscal diversification, the financial contributions of the Nigeria Customs Service have transformed from a supportive budget buffer into an absolute lifeline for the federation.
Under the reform-minded leadership of Comptroller-General Bashir Adewale Adeniyi, the Service has consistently shattered its own revenue records. In recent fiscal cycles, the NCS smashed historic expectations by generating unprecedented trillions of naira in revenue comfortably surpassing its initial treasury projections. This momentum has carried fiercely into recent quarters, with non-oil export processing volumes revealing massive year-on-year surges in value. These trillions of naira flow directly into the Federation Account, funding critical public infrastructure, healthcare, education, and public sector operations nationwide.
Beyond raw revenue generation, the NCS acts as the ultimate protector of local industries. Without the tactical enforcement of import prohibitions and anti-dumping regulations by customs officers, Nigeria’s fragile agricultural and manufacturing sectors would be utterly overwhelmed by cheap, subsidized foreign goods.
When customs officers intercept shipments of smuggled rice, expired pharmaceuticals, or contraband textiles, they are not merely enforcing paperwork. They are actively saving Nigerian jobs, keeping local factories open, and preserving the structural integrity of the Naira.
The Border Shield: Where Trade Meets National Security
In the contemporary global landscape, the threats to a nation’s survival are asymmetric, fluid, and deeply intertwined with international trade routes. Herein lies the dual nature of the modern customs officer: a facilitator of trade by day, and a frontline defense asset by night.
The proliferation of small arms, light weapons, and illicit narcotics across West Africa represents a clear and present danger to Nigeria’s internal stability. The NCS stands as the first ,and often most effective,line of defense against these lethal inflows.
Multi-billion naira intercepts at strategic flashpoints across Lagos, Port Harcourt, and land borders have successfully kept military-grade rifles, pistols, and live ammunition out of the hands of bandits and insurgent networks. Simultaneously, large-scale seizures of tramadol, codeine, and illegal synthetic substances actively dismantle the financing chains of criminal syndicates while protecting Nigerian youth from the scourge of drug abuse.
Furthermore, customs operations directly suppress resource economic sabotage. The rapid interception and enforcement around smuggled petroleum products (PMS) block economic saboteurs from starving local communities of critical fuel supplies and bleeding the national economy dry.
Modernization and the Future of Border Management
The victories of the NCS are not accidental. They are the direct result of a deliberate, ongoing transformation toward digital trade facilitation anchored by the comprehensive Nigeria Customs Service Act.
Through the implementation of advanced technology, such as automated risk-assessment systems, the expansion of the Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) scheme, and advanced Time Release Study (TRS) diagnostic tools, the Service is rapidly reducing human interface, cutting down cargo clearing times, and plugging revenue leakages. This structural evolution ensures that the dual mandate of the Service remains perfectly balanced: legitimate trade is accelerated to boost economic growth, while illicit trade is ruthlessly intercepted.
Conclusively recognizing the Sentinels at the gate; The sovereignty of a nation is defined by its ability to control its borders and dictate its economic destiny. For Nigeria, that awesome responsibility rests heavily on the shoulders of the officers and men of the Nigeria Customs Service. They operate in high-risk environments, facing down heavily armed smuggling cartels and navigating complex maritime and land entryways, often without the public adulation reserved for other security arms.

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As Nigeria marches toward a more prosperous future under the banners of industrialization and regional integration via the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), the NCS will remain our most vital institutional shield.

It is time to rewrite the public narrative. The Nigeria Customs Service must be recognized for what it truly is: a patriotic, highly strategic, and indispensable cornerstone of Nigeria’s prosperity, national security, and enduring sovereignty.

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