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Cover Story :Implications of UTME’s Massive Failure and the Future of Nigeria’s Tertiary Education System

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Professor Ishaq Oloyede JAMB Registrar

 

By Yusuf Danjuma Yunusa, Nigerian Tracker

 

The 2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) results have once again stirred widespread concern across the country. As the performance statistics trend on media platforms, the figures paint a worrying picture of Nigeria’s education sector and its implications for the country’s future leaders.

Away from tertiary students, those who have completed their secondary education and are seeking admission into higher institutions must sit for the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) examination. However, the performance of this group has been declining steadily, particularly since 2015.

Only a small number of students typically perform excellently. A review of past data reveals a consistent increase in the number of students scoring below 200. According to EduCeleb, 95% and 84% of candidates in 2016 and 2017 respectively scored below 200. *Punch* newspaper also reported that in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023, the percentages of candidates who scored below 200 were 74%, 77%, 79%, 87%, 77%, and 76%, respectively.

In 2024, Premium Times revealed that 76% of candidates scored below 200, while in 2025, the JAMB board itself reported that 78% fell below the 200 mark. While the fluctuations appear marginal, the consistent dominance of low scores is alarming.

This situation raises critical questions: What is the root cause of this persistent failure? Who should be held accountable—the students or the examination board?

Several studies suggest that while students must take a major share of the responsibility, the JAMB board is not without blame. In an interview with *Nigerian Tracker*, respected educationist Mr. Oluwamuyiwa Aladeyelu, founder of CIMET JUKU—a platform promoting quality education in Ekiti State—shared insightful perspectives.

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“More people scored 300 and above in this year’s UTME. However, as much as 78% still scored below 200, which is bad. I must confess that our students don’t read,” Mr. Oluwamuyiwa remarked.

When asked what might be contributing to the poor outcomes, he added:
“The blame does not lie entirely with the students. JAMB should also take part of the responsibility. The exam is not without glitches. Many Biology questions were incomplete, and some diagram-based questions failed to display properly.”

He further cited a discrepancy in the English Language section, noting, “The section was supposed to have 60 questions, but only had 55. Who should be held accountable for that?”

Mr. Oluwamuyiwa emphasized that JAMB has yet to properly address these concerns. “They must be held accountable. We cannot keep placing all the blame on students while absolving JAMB of responsibility. They can—and should—do better.”

Interestingly, JAMB appeared to acknowledge some of these issues via a response on its official X (formerly Twitter) handle regarding reported glitches during the exam held on Saturday, April 26, 2025. However, no follow-up communication has confirmed whether those issues persisted in subsequent sessions.

To probe the matter further, another educationist, Dr. Usman Isyaku, raised several probing questions: “Low JAMB scores—whose fault? Lazy students? Poorly trained teachers? Poor remuneration for teachers? A sign of disinterest in traditional education or work-retirement systems? We need a holistic analysis.”

In response, Mr. Oluwamuyiwa stated:
“Some schools consistently perform well due to highly qualified teachers, strong family backgrounds, and boarding environments that reduce social media distractions.”

He also pointed out that the normalization of exam malpractice from an early age discourages serious study, adding that competitive salaries attract qualified teachers. “Top schools do well because they are adequately staffed and teachers are well-paid,” he explained.

He offered this solution:
“It’s a tripod system—parents, teachers, and students must work together. The government and stakeholders should also encourage schools to conduct internal exams ahead of external ones. If students are familiar with exam systems, performance will improve.”

In addition, computer literacy remains a major challenge. Many students lack the digital skills to navigate the CBT (computer-based test) system, causing them to lose valuable time during the exams. Providing free or subsidized training can bridge this gap, especially for students who cannot afford private computer training centers.

Moreover, technical glitches must be addressed decisively by JAMB to prevent recurring issues that impact exam integrity and student performance.

In conclusion, Nigerian students must take responsibility for their learning, but JAMB and the broader education system must also rise to the occasion. Without a united effort to address these systemic issues, the nation risks undermining the academic future of its youth—and the quality of its future leadership.

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ADC Accuses APC of Avoiding Performance Record, Shifting Focus to Personalities Ahead of 2027

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By Yusuf Danjuma Yunusa

The African Democratic Congress (ADC) has accused the ruling All Progressives Congress (APC) of attempting to divert public attention from its economic and security record by obsessively focusing on opposition candidate Atiku Abubakar and former President Olusegun Obasanjo’s personal opinions.

In a statement issued Monday, ADC National Publicity Secretary Mallam Bolaji Abdullahi said the APC’s response to recent criticism from Catholic Bishops reveals a party unable to defend its governance record.

“The APC wants the 2027 election to be about personalities because it cannot defend its performance,” Abdullahi said. “They want this election to be about Obasanjo’s personal opinion of Atiku based on a distant past because they cannot defend Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s record based on current performance.”

The statement comes after Catholic Bishops reportedly raised concerns about worsening poverty, insecurity, and the rising cost of living during a recent meeting with President Tinubu. The ADC accused the ruling party of attacking the Bishops rather than addressing their substantive concerns.

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“Whenever respected Nigerians point to the deepening poverty, worsening insecurity, rising cost of living, or the collapse of public confidence under this administration, the APC never answers for its record,” Abdullahi said. “Instead, it looks for someone to attack. Yesterday, it was the Catholic Bishops. Today, it is Alhaji Atiku Abubakar. Tomorrow, it will be someone else.”

The ADC challenged the APC government to answer specific questions about its economic management, including why food prices continue to soar despite proclaimed economic growth, why poverty has deepened, and why the government is spending 69% of revenue on debt servicing—a figure the World Bank has described as dangerously high.

The party also defended Atiku Abubakar’s record as Vice President under Obasanjo, noting that Nigeria experienced stronger economic growth and greater macroeconomic stability during that period.

“While President Obasanjo was in office, with Alhaji Atiku Abubakar serving as Vice President and Chairman of the National Economic Council, Nigeria experienced stronger economic growth, greater macroeconomic stability, stronger investor confidence, and a far more affordable cost of living than Nigerians endure today,” the statement read.

“Whatever political differences may now exist between the two men, that record remains a matter of public history and cannot be erased.”

The APC had not issued an official response to the ADC’s allegations at the time of this report. However, party officials have previously dismissed opposition criticism as politically motivated.

Political analysts note that the exchange reflects an intensifying campaign season, with both parties already positioning themselves for the 2027 presidential election. The ADC, while a smaller opposition party, has sought to align itself with the broader critique of the APC’s economic policies under President Tinubu.

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Atiku Fires Back at the Presidency: “767 Factories Shut, 335 Others in Distress Under Tinubu”

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By Yusuf Danjuma Yunusa

Former Vice-President Atiku Abubakar has accused the Tinubu administration of presiding over an increasingly hostile business environment, alleging that 767 factories had shut down while another 335 were operating under severe distress.

Mr Atiku said the closures and difficulties facing manufacturers contradicted the Federal Government’s claims that its economic reforms were restoring growth and improving the business environment.

The former vice-president, who is the presidential candidate of the African Democratic Congress, ADC, stated this in a response to the Presidency’s defence of President Bola Tinubu’s economic record.

In a statement issued by his Senior Special Assistant on Public Communication, Phrank Shaibu, Mr Atiku said the government’s claims of economic prosperity existed largely in official statements and had not been reflected in the experiences of businesses and ordinary Nigerians.

He said the administration was celebrating Gross Domestic Product, GDP, growth and other macroeconomic indicators while manufacturers, small businesses and households faced rising operating costs and declining purchasing power.

“The Presidency proudly announced that Nigeria’s GDP has increased significantly since the exchange-rate adjustment. We ask a simple question: Has the purchasing power of the average Nigerian increased?” Mr Atiku said.

“Are manufacturers paying less for energy? Have small businesses become more profitable? The answer, tragically, is no.”

He said the closure of hundreds of factories and the distress faced by many others reflected the pressure created by high energy costs, multiple taxes, expensive logistics, rising electricity tariffs and weak consumer demand.

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Mr Atiku argued that government policies could not be described as successful if they increased public revenue while reducing the productive capacity of the economy.

“Government cannot tax its way into prosperity while simultaneously shrinking the productive capacity of the economy,” he said.

“Manufacturers are battling record energy costs. Small businesses face multiple taxes, rising electricity tariffs, escalating logistics expenses and declining consumer demand.”

The former vice-president said tax reforms should be designed to encourage production, create jobs and expand the tax base rather than place additional pressure on struggling businesses.

“A tax reform that expands government revenue while ordinary citizens become poorer cannot honestly be described as progressive,” he said.

He added that successful tax systems were built on productivity and economic growth, not by extracting more revenue from businesses and households already facing financial pressure.

Mr Atiku also questioned the government’s borrowing policy, saying the debate should not focus solely on Nigeria’s debt-to-GDP ratio but on the economic value generated by borrowed funds.

“No serious economist argues that borrowing is inherently wrong. Nations borrow. The real question is this: what has Nigeria obtained in return for the unprecedented debts accumulated under this administration?” he asked.

He said Nigerians had a right to demand evidence that borrowed funds were being used to improve infrastructure, create jobs, strengthen public services and raise living standards.

Mr Atiku noted that businesses continued to spend heavily on alternative sources of electricity, while high logistics costs and poor infrastructure remained major obstacles to production.

“After record borrowing and record budgets, businesses are still forced to spend enormous sums generating their own electricity,” he said.

“Logistics costs remain among the highest in Africa. Manufacturers continue to struggle under crushing operating costs, while many roads remain in deplorable condition.”

The former vice-president said infrastructure should be assessed by its economic impact rather than the number of projects announced or commissioned by the government.

“Every administration announces projects. Nigerians are interested in completed projects that reduce the cost of doing business, improve mobility, guarantee stable electricity and stimulate economic growth,” he said.

Mr Atiku also challenged the Presidency’s explanation concerning crude-backed financing arrangements, arguing that the government had admitted that future oil earnings had been committed in ways that limited the country’s ability to benefit from favourable crude oil prices.

He said Nigerians deserved full disclosure on the terms of such arrangements, including the volume of crude committed, repayment conditions, funds received and projects financed.

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Presidency Sets Seven-Week Deadline for State Police Bill Draft

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By Yusuf Danjuma Yunusa

The presidency has officially set a seven-week timeline for the completion of the draft executive bill on state policing, with the proposed legislation expected to reach President Bola Tinubu for review by September 3, 2026.

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Femi Gbajabiamila, chairman of the presidential working group on the national policing bill, disclosed the schedule on Monday, confirming that the draft will be formally transmitted to the president exactly seven weeks from now.

Gbajabiamila’s announcement underscores the administration’s accelerated push to overhaul Nigeria’s centralized policing structure, a reform initiative that has gained significant traction amid growing calls for decentralized security architecture to address the nation’s complex law enforcement challenges.

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