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50 Years After Murtala Muhammed: Between the Ghost of Coups and the Crisis of Democracy

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By Yusuf Danjuma Yunusa & Abbas Yushau Yusuf

February 13 marks exactly 50 years since General Murtala Ramat Muhammed was assassinated in a failed coup attempt that shook Nigeria to its core. His death on that Friday morning in 1976 was not merely the killing of a Head of State; it was a brutal reminder of how fragile political power can be when the barrel of a gun becomes the pathway to leadership.

Half a century later, Nigeria stands under democratic rule, yet the memory of coups still lingers like a warning siren in the nation’s political subconscious.

Muhammed himself came to power through a military coup in 1975, toppling General Yakubu Gowon. His own assassination less than seven months later, during an abortive coup led by dissident officers, reinforced the inherent instability of governance born out of force. Coups promise swift correction, but they often deliver cycles of uncertainty, repression and further violence.

The danger of military coups to democracy is not theoretical; it is historical fact. Military regimes centralise authority, suspend constitutional order and weaken civilian institutions. Even when they promise reform, they operate outside the consent of the governed. The culture they breed — command-and-control politics — can outlive their uniforms, seeping into civilian administrations long after soldiers return to the barracks.

Nigeria’s post-independence history reads like a ledger of interrupted transitions: 1966, 1975, 1983, 1985, 1993. Each intervention reset the political clock but deepened structural fragilities. Civil institutions were stunted. Political parties became vehicles of patronage rather than ideology. Trust between citizens and the state eroded.

Today, the guns are silent, and ballots have replaced bullets as instruments of power. Yet the shadow of military interruption remains instructive, especially at a time when frustration with democratic governance is rising across the country.

The uncomfortable truth is that democracy, while intact procedurally, is struggling substantively. Elections are held regularly, but economic hardship persists. Institutions exist, but public confidence in them is thin. The Constitution guarantees rights, yet citizens often feel unheard in matters of security, employment and welfare.

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This disconnect between democratic form and democratic outcome creates a dangerous vacuum. When people begin to question whether democracy delivers tangible improvement to their lives, nostalgia for “strongman efficiency” can quietly resurface. It is a perilous sentiment. History shows that military rule may appear decisive, but it rarely produces sustainable prosperity or inclusive governance.

The lesson from Murtala Muhammed’s assassination is not simply about the vulnerability of leaders; it is about the vulnerability of systems built without deep institutional roots. Democracies collapse when institutions are hollowed out, when the judiciary is weakened, when legislatures lose independence and when accountability becomes selective.

Equally, democracy fails when it becomes distant from the daily struggles of the masses. Nigeria today grapples with inflation, unemployment, insecurity and widening inequality. For many citizens, the promise of 1999 — that civilian rule would bring stability and opportunity — feels deferred. This perception does not justify military intervention, but it does expose the urgent need for democratic renewal.

A coup does not cure governance failure; it compounds it. It replaces flawed accountability with none at all. It silences dissent rather than addressing its root causes. The real antidote to democratic disappointment is not regression to authoritarian shortcuts but reform within constitutional boundaries.

Fifty years after Murtala Muhammed’s assassination, Nigeria’s greatest safeguard against instability is not the strength of its armed forces but the credibility of its democratic institutions. The military must remain firmly subordinate to civilian authority, while civilian leaders must govern in ways that justify that authority.

Democracy cannot survive on ritual alone. It must deliver justice, equity and measurable improvement in citizens’ lives. When it does not, cynicism grows. And when cynicism grows unchecked, history’s darker chapters begin to look deceptively attractive.

The anniversary of 1976 should therefore serve as both memorial and mirror — a memorial to a turbulent past and a mirror reflecting present responsibilities. Nigeria has paid dearly for power seized by force. The challenge now is ensuring that democracy does not lose legitimacy through neglect, inequity or arrogance.

The gun once interrupted Nigeria’s future. The ballot must not be allowed to lose its meaning.

General Murtala Muhammad’s legacy will continue to remain fresh in the memory of patriotic Nigerians.

The constitutional democracy Nigeria is enjoying today is the brainchild of the late General Murtala Muhammad, who addressed the nation with vigour and instilled confidence.

His phrase “Immediate effect” remains the phrase successive Nigerian leaders have used to command respect and to show Nigerians they are very serious about formulating and implementing policies for the progress of all.

Despite military rule being an aberration, General Murtala Muhammad’s assassination was backward and retrogressive to the development of Nigeria, which many will continue to mourn for decades to come.

As General Murtala Muhammad clocks five decades after passing to the great beyond, the Nigerian Government should mandate a topic for Nigerian children in the country’s civic education curriculum so that those yet unborn will feel the impact of Nigeria’s great leader lost to the hands of retrogressive assassins on that fateful Friday, February 13th, 1976, which is exactly five decades today.

Adieu, great son of Nigeria and great son of Kano.

 

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Family Holds 7th Day Remembrance for Late Hajiya Hajara Sulaiman

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Family members, friends, and well-wishers have gathered to mark the seventh-day remembrance (Fidau) of Hajiya Hajara Sulaiman, a revered matriarch who passed away at the age of 98.

 

The solemn occasion, held in accordance with Islamic tradition, was filled with prayers and reflections on a life described by loved ones as devoted, impactful, and deeply rooted in faith. Quoting the Qur’anic verse, “Kullu nafsin za’iqatul maut” (Every soul shall taste death — Qur’an 3:185), family members were reminded of the inevitability of death and the importance of a righteous life.

 

Late Hajiya Hajara Sulaiman was remembered as a pillar of strength within her family and community. Known for her patience, wisdom, and unwavering faith, she played a guiding role in the lives of many. Her teachings emphasized love, respect, and consciousness of Allah—values her family says will continue to shape future generations.

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Relatives described a profound sense of loss since her passing, noting that her absence has left a noticeable void in the home. Her voice, warmth, and presence, they said, are deeply missed. However, they also expressed gratitude for her long life and the peaceful manner in which she returned to her Creator.

 

She is survived by her children Ahmad Tijjani Inuwa, Bashir Muhammad Galadanchi, Ummukulsum Muhammad Inuwa, Imam Inuwa (Gwale), Sa’adatu Muhammad Inuwa, and Maimuna Muhammad Inuwa as well as numerous grandchildren and great-grandchildren.

 

During the remembrance, prayers were offered for her soul, asking Allah to forgive her shortcomings, grant her mercy, and admit her into Jannatul Firdaus. Among the supplications recited were: “Allahumma ighfir laha, warhamha, wa’afiha, wa’fu anha” (O Allah, forgive her, have mercy on her, grant her peace, and pardon her), and “Allahumma aj‘al qabraha rawdatan min riyadil jannah” (O Allah, make her grave a garden from the gardens of Paradise).

 

The family concluded the event with heartfelt prayers, expressing hope that her legacy of faith and kindness will endure. They affirmed that though she has passed on, her memory will continue to live in their hearts.

 

The statement was signed on behalf of the family by Imam Inuwa Gwale.

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Report: FCT Communities Decry Water Scarcity, Call for Intervention

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According to Daily Trust, residents of communities along the Airport Road corridor in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) have raised alarm over persistent lack of access to potable water, describing the situation as a daily struggle.

 

Communities including Lugbe, Aco Estate, Goza, and Sauka say taps have remained dry for months, forcing households to depend on costly water vendors and unreliable boreholes while awaiting intervention from the FCT Water Board.

 

In Lugbe, one of the worst-hit areas, residents say they feel abandoned despite ongoing water projects across the capital.

Mrs. Grace Adebayo, a resident of Aco Estate, said her family now spends thousands of naira weekly on water.

“We are suffering in silence. The government keeps commissioning projects on television, but nothing is reaching us here,” she said.

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A youth leader in Goza, who spoke anonymously, warned that the crisis is fueling water-borne diseases.

“Our children are falling sick because we rely on shallow wells,” he said.

Another resident, Olugbenga Ajayi, decried failed borehole projects in the area. “Landlords keep digging boreholes without success. It’s a waste of money. We are suffering and need government help,” he said.

 

In Sauka, residents expressed frustration that despite water pipelines running through their community, supply has yet to be extended to their homes.

The residents are calling on the FCT Water Board to urgently expand water distribution to the Airport Road axis, noting that reliance on private vendors is unsustainable.

“We pay taxes and deserve basic amenities like those in the city centre,” a Lugbe resident said.

 

Their plight contrasts with recent high-profile water projects by the FCT Administration. In June 2025, President Bola Tinubu commissioned the $470 million Greater Abuja Water Supply Project, facilitated by FCT Minister Nyesom Wike, who has repeatedly pledged to end water scarcity.

 

The administration also flagged off the rehabilitation of the Phase II Water Treatment Plant at Lower Usman Dam and the N90 billion Bwari Township Water Supply Project, aimed at improving water access across the territory.

 

While authorities recently attributed citywide shortages to a damaged pipeline caused by a private developer, residents along Airport Road insist their communities have long been neglected.

 

They warned that without urgent intervention, the worsening water crisis could further threaten public health and livelihoods.

 

The newspaper said that efforts to reach the FCT waterboard authorities were unsuccessful.

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FG Bans Honorary Degree Holders from Using “Dr” Title

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By Yusuf Danjuma Yunusa

 

 

The Federal Government has prohibited recipients of honorary degrees from using the title “Dr” before their names in official, academic, or professional contexts, warning that violators will be treated as engaging in academic fraud.

 

The Minister of Education, Tunji Alausa, announced the directive on Wednesday in Abuja while briefing State House correspondents after a Federal Executive Council meeting.

 

Alausa said the policy was introduced to address what he described as the growing abuse and politicisation of honorary degrees in Nigeria’s tertiary education system.

 

“The recent trend in the award of honorary degrees has revealed increasing abuse and politicisation of this academic privilege,” he said.

 

He added that honorary degrees were increasingly being used for political patronage, financial inducement and recognition of serving public officials, contrary to established academic ethics.

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“We have seen awards being used for political patronage, for financial gain, and the conferral of honorary degrees on serving public officials, which should not happen,” he said.

 

The minister warned that misrepresentation of honorary degrees as earned academic qualifications would now attract sanctions.

 

“Misrepresentation of honorary degrees as earned academic credentials shall be treated as academic fraud, with legal and reputational consequences,” he stated.

 

Under the new policy, holders of honorary degrees are barred from using “Dr” as a prefix. Instead, they must clearly indicate the honorary nature of the award after their names.

 

He gave examples such as “Chief Louis Clark, D.Lit. (Honoris Causa)” and “Mrs Miriam Adamu, LL.D. Honoris Causa,” noting that the format distinguishes honorary awards from earned doctorates.

 

Alausa further explained that only four categories of honorary degrees are now recognised: Doctor of Laws (LL.D), Doctor of Letters (D.Lit), Doctor of Science (D.Sc), and Doctor of Humanities (D.Arts).

 

He also stated that universities without active postgraduate research programmes leading to PhD awards will no longer be allowed to confer honorary degrees.

 

According to him, the move is aimed at curbing the proliferation of institutions that award honorary doctorates without meeting proper academic standards.

 

The minister added that the Federal Ministry of Education and the National Universities Commission (NUC) will issue implementation guidelines to all universities, while convocation ceremonies will be monitored for compliance.

 

He said a national register of honorary degree recipients will also be published annually to protect the integrity of academic qualifications in the country.

 

Alausa confirmed that the policy has been approved by the Federal Executive Council and is now enforceable nationwide.

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