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Blood-sucking women, Penis-theft: Myth or return of sorcery?

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By Alhassan A. Bala

Around August – September, 2023, rumor of a gang of blood- sucking women spread across northern Nigeria to a frightening level.

The alleged syndicate, comprising mainly of women, were said to be entering residential areas and communities either asking for water to drink or restroom to use, but that their benefactors would suddenly lose their consciousness and blood, leading to their sudden death.

The event, mostly reported on social media, was alleged to have happened in Katsina, Kano, Abuja, Niger, Bauchi and Sokoto states.

In Nigeria, this can be a new issue, but for people in other parts of Africa, it is as routine as sunrise, because, in 1948 to 1949, when Malawi experienced its worst famine, people believed that bloodsuckers were moving about in cars and vans at night.

The onslaught only ceased after cars were burnt and a curfew imposed by the village chiefs.

Similar rumours re-emerged in 2002, a year in which Malawi experienced erratic rains and hunger. In certain southern districts, villagers became so afraid of mysterious blood-suckers that they left their fields unattended, while suspected vampires were violently targeted. This resulted in mob justice by villagers on suspected strangers. One killed and three others badly injured as it was reported.

There were two similar issues between the blood-sucking gang in Malawi and the one in northern Nigeria; all happened when people were going through a devastating hunger and economic hardship. Secondly, the major target were all strangers.
Authorities in most states affected said that the allegations had been investigated by the police and were found to be unsubstantiated rumour fabricated with the sole aim of promoting hate for strangers.

The issue of blood sucking women wasn’t completely over when a similar one, involving penis theft re-emerged.

A penis-theft typically involves four stages:
first the “victim” has an odd encounter, such as a stranger unexpectedly shaking his hand. Second, is the sensation of feeling of an electric shock or chill traveling to his genitals. Third, he checks his crotch and becomes convinced his penis, testicles, or both have been stolen or shrunken. The fourth step is crying “Thief!” and enlisting others to confront the suspect, sometimes with the “victim” stripping on the spot to prove his genitals are gone.

There was a time when men walked around grasping their penises to prevent theft!

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Issue of penis theft is not only a Nigerian thing; in fact it happened in 14th Century in Europe.
An evil woman took a man’s penis and stored it in a bird’s nest, along with a brood of other stolen members, which she fed with oats.
After a long quest, the man found the witch and demanded that she return his manhood. She told him to climb a tree to find the nest filled with squirming penises, and take whichever one he wanted.
When he tried to take a big one, she said, “No, that one belongs to a priest.”

This story, told in the Malleus Maleficarum (1486), the most popular witch hunting manual in history, encapsulates the crime of witchcraft: witches were women who literally unmanned men. And penises pop up everywhere in witch trial records.
A witch had a lot of power over the penis. Witchcraft could make a man impotent, but only with a certain woman. A witch could turn a penis invisible, transforming an innocent man into a Ken doll. Or she might steal it completely and treat it like a pet, storing it in a box and feeding it grains.

In 1997 about seven men were killed in Ghana over alleged penis-theft.
In 2008 in Congo, urgent messages went out by radio to avoid strangers wearing gold rings in taxis, leading police to put 13 suspected sorcerers into protective custody to prevent lynchings.

In Nigeria, it is often believed that individual genitals were stolen for ritual and occultic purposes.

Although there are many theories to the issue of blood sucking and the penis theft, the former which medical experts say there is no way blood can be removed without using technological equipment, while for the latter; Kramer and Sprenger believed that penis theft was a genuine psycho-medical phenomenon.

Whatever the case it may be witches or sorcerers were usually feared, and they used a variety of means to attempt to achieve their goals, including incantations (formulas or chants invoking evil spirits), divination and oracles (to predict the future), amulets and charms (to ward off hostile spirits and harmful events), potions or salves, and dolls or other figures (to represent their enemies).

Witches sought to gain or preserve health, to acquire or retain property, to protect against evil spirits, to help friends, and to seek revenge.

The two issues may possibly be a sign of how sorcery (tsafi) is gradually eating deep into the society.

I was once traveling to Kano which I couldn’t get flight and needed to be in Kano that very day, I sat at the front seat of a car, around 8:30am we were already in Kaduna heading to Kano discussing about religion, to my shocker, the driver told me that he did not believe in Islam and Christianity as he is a follower of the African Traditional Religion (ATR).

Luckily during my university days (100-200 levels) I offered a course on African Traditional Religion, which made me to have a little knowledge about it, we had a very understanding conversation as the guy said he studied Political Science.

He claimed that very soon the ATR followers will demand official recognition because in universities, public offices, national ID, International Passport etc, there is no room for them to identify themselves.

He insisted that the number of people that believe in ATR is at the increase saying that they believe their forefathers were more protected by what they believe then now.

The recent events, although many see them as myths, but Islam and Christianity believe that voodoo and sorcery exist but the two religion are against them.

The emergence of the two events shows how some people are gradually returning to the act of sorcery for a reason best known to them.

It is high time people intensify their daily morning and evening prayers of protection against all evil including acts of sorcery by some
elements in the society.

Bala writes from Abuja and can be reached via balahassan2007@gmail.com

Opinion

Alhaji Tijjani Rabiu Spikin: A Neighbour, Philanthropist, and Friend of Children

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BY
MUDASSIR ALIYU YUNUSA (MSNB)
mudassiray@gmail.com

Alhaji Tijjani Rabiu Spikin, popularly known as ‘Tijjani Spikin,’ is one of the most respected elders of the Kofar Nassarawa and Sabuwar Kofa communities. A successful businessman with an outstanding reputation, he is admired not only for his business accomplishments but also for his kindness, humility, and generosity toward those around him, especially children.

He is widely regarded as a man of peace who values harmonious relationships. He believes that good neighbourliness is built on mutual respect, compassion, and the willingness to uphold the rights of others. His home has always been a place where people feel welcome, particularly children, and he has earned the trust and admiration of both the young and the old through his exemplary character.

What distinguishes Alhaji Tijjani most is his genuine love for children. He has always shown special affection to every child living in his neighbourhood, regardless of family background. It has long been his habit to brighten their day by giving them small gifts, including cash, biscuits, sweets, and other treats. To many children, these gestures were not merely gifts but expressions of love and encouragement that made them feel valued and appreciated.

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Those who grew up in the area could bear me witness. I can vividly remember the excitement whenever Alhaji Tijjani came out in the morning or afternoon on his way to his daily routine. Children would eagerly and joyously gather around him, knowing that he would never send them away empty-handed. Because of this remarkable generosity to the children, they affectionately gave him the nickname “Mai Raba Kwandala Kwandala,” meaning “the man who shared coins.” It was a title born out of admiration for his habit of distributing small denominations of the Nigerian naira to every boy or girl he met.

Today, Alhaji Tijjani Rabiu (Spikin) remains a shining example of how kindness, generosity, and good neighbourliness can leave a lasting impact on a community, especially in the minds of the children who have now become youths and stakeholders in society. His legacy is reflected not only in the lives he has touched but also in the fond memories cherished by generations of children who experienced his compassion firsthand.

May Almighty Allah (SWT) continue to bless Alhaji Tijjani Rabiu and his entire family abundantly. May He increase him in wealth, grant him sound health, strengthen him in Iman (faith), protect him from all harm, and reward his kindness with His endless mercy in this world and in the Hereafter. Ameen.

Mudassir can be reached via:
mudassiray@gmail.com

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Opinion

Arewa Media Summit:Big Promises, Little Substance-Tijjani Sarki 

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Tijjani Sarki

I was genuinely amazed that the inaugural Arewa Media Summit ended with a communique. For an event presented as a defining conversation on media, governance and accountability in Northern Nigeria, the silence was difficult to understand. It was only after analysts and observers questioned the omission that a comprehensive communiqué eventually emerged.

I have read the document carefully. It is professionally written, politically appealing and rich in democratic vocabulary. Unfortunately, it is also painfully short on substance.

Beyond the impressive language, there is no implementation framework, no timelines, no measurable targets and no independent mechanism to ensure that its resolutions become reality. That is not how transformational policy conversations are measured. It is how public relations documents are often written.

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Even more disappointing is what the communiqué failed to confront. The media space in Arewa is under siege, not only from misinformation but from increasing political manipulation. Today, media platforms are too often deployed to inflame unnecessary controversies, deepen divisions, promote personality cults, settle political scores and manufacture enemies instead of advancing public enlightenment and good governance. This dangerous trend deserved to be the centrepiece of the summit, yet it received only passing attention.

If the gathering truly sought to reshape the future of media in Northern Nigeria, it should have produced practical strategies to strengthen investigative journalism, protect editorial independence, support indigenous media institutions and insulate the media from political capture.

Arewa does not need another annual media jamboree with polished speeches and elegant communiqués. It needs a platform that speaks truth to power, promotes professional journalism, unites rather than divides our people, and produces measurable reforms. Until then, many will continue to question whether this summit advanced the public interest or merely refined the language of political communication.

Tijjani Sarki
Good Governance Advocate and Public Policy Analyst

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Opinion

IDP Is More Than A Humanitarian Case-Ekanem Joan

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By
EKANEM JOAN

When discussions about Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) arise, attention often turns to numbers and relief packages. Yet behind every statistic is a family that has lost a home, a child whose education has been disrupted, and a community torn apart by conflict. While compensation may replace damaged structures, it cannot restore the memories, dignity, and sense of belonging that displacement takes away.

Recompensation does not make it fine; How do you compensate a child staring at the fire and iron as it takes their lands, while uniforms hang up in a room? How do you price the memory of a mother who once called these lands home. She cuddled her children and the savoury flavour of meals each smiles on her family’s faces, or, the men who spent decades building a life, a family, a shelter, only to watch unconventional disasters take it away. The youths! With their lives sketched on a rough map, all gone – indefinitely. IDPs are just victims of a conflict or a humanitarian crisis waiting to be part of a scheme but humans with lives.

Nigeria is transitioning into durable solutions and we must remind the policy makers that a house is not merely a structure to be replaced but a sanctuary that has been entirely erased, some are memories. These compensations do not weigh the emotional fabric of what has been torn away. At first, it was a crisis to put an end to but then the plan changed, by the end of year 2023, statistics recorded by United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to about 1.1 million IDPs (approximately 1,134,828 persons) with 50.3% below 18 years old and 49.7% above 18 years old. The same year saw 81.2% Boko Haram insurgency, 1.6% banditry and 16.2% herder clashes. This crisis was most prominent in the North-West region. The issue was worsening, leading to a humanitarian disaster and as the years grew the IDP numbers rose to 3.5 million persons.

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This rise in persons is alarming. An increase of 2.4 million estimated is not fine. Compensation is not enough! as the number of internally displaced persons increased the government shifted its focus from protection and curbing the disaster to putting infrastructure in place. These infrastructures included the 2025 financial injection and the African Union Convention for Protection and Assistance of IDPs into law to provide food and shelter (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees). The policy makers have decided to place these infrastructures but numbers alone cannot capture the true weight of internal displacement. Statistics do not feel hunger, do not grieve the sudden loss of an ancestral home, and do not carry the psychological weight of an uncertain tomorrow.

The last IDP count done in 2026 by United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees shows total displaced persons as over 3.7 million. The causes still remain armed insurgency, farmer-herder conflicts, banditry and climate change across the affected regions including the North-East, Middle Belt and North-West (Borno, Zamfara, Sokoto and Benue).
87% of the IDPs live below the international poverty line and 60% face high levels of food insecurity, close to decades of displacement leads to limited access to healthcare and schooling. How do we fight a problem without digging out its roots. Across Nigeria millions of Nigerians have lost their land, homes and monuments of memories because of armed conflicts, terrorism, communal clashes, flooding and other disasters.
This does not end in loss of structures but lives too. Imagine a mother who carried a child for 9 months – nurtured and bred, that child wasted! or a father who struggled to give a child all that is needed to watch his own flesh and blood lay on the floor, lifeless.

Displacement hits the most vulnerable demographics hardest. Children are exposed to interrupted education and emotional distress or what about gender-based violence? The uncertainty and emotional weight of being displaced in your own country, your own land.

The Government must address the security gap. There must be increased, professionalized, and transparent security presence in vulnerable regions to prevent the “unconventional disasters” that turn citizens into refugees in their own country. Banditry and herder-farmer clashes are often hyper-local. Success requires empowering local traditional leaders, civil society, and grassroots peace committees to mediate disputes before they escalate into armed conflict.

As the policy makes provision for emergency food, clean water and canvas tents. Yet we know that the deepest wounds of displacement are ones that don’t bleed. Displacement is not just a change of address; it is a sudden, violent fracturing of life, identity and dignity. It is the theft of a person’s yesterday and the total blinding of their tomorrow. The approach is shifting from short term “crisis management” to long term poverty reduction and healing but our main focus should be the roots – reduce or eradicate banditry, set infrastructure to settle communal crisis and provide resources for all citizens, it is not just about moving the CSR to invest in vocational rehabilitation but removing the cause for a better Nigeria.
Fight for IDP and fight for a better Nigeria! It could be you and it could be I. Together we fix this humanitarian crisis.

EKANEM JOAN
200LVL STUDENT OF DEVELOPMENT AND STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION, UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA.
1ST JULY, 2026.

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